China filed more than 900 facial recognition patents last year, according to financial media.According to CB Insights, which tracked the patents on the Espacenet database, China's also registered 530 video and surveillance patents.Applicants included government-supported academic institutions like Shandong University and South China Tech, as well as big tech companies and startups whose clientele includes government agencies.That reflects China's dual-pronged approach to becoming a national champion in artificial intelligence, which mixes industrial policy and strong private-sector tech giants such as Alibaba and Tencent, as well as shoals of start-ups.The government's ambitious plans hinge on three legs: support from big tech giants like Alibaba and Tencent, strong startup partnerships, and elaborately crafted government policies favoring national security over privacy.